(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[117],{447:function(s,t,a){"use strict";a.r(t);var n=a(3),e=Object(n.a)({},(function(){var s=this,t=s._self._c;return t("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":s.$parent.slotKey}},[t("h1",{attrs:{id:"装饰器"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#装饰器"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 装饰器")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("[说明] Decorator 提案经过了大幅修改，目前还没有定案，不知道语法会不会再变。下面的内容完全依据以前的提案，已经有点过时了。等待定案以后，需要完全重写。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("装饰器（Decorator）是一种与类（class）相关的语法，用来注释或修改类和类方法。许多面向对象的语言都有这项功能，目前有一个"),t("a",{attrs:{href:"https://github.com/tc39/proposal-decorators",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[s._v("提案"),t("OutboundLink")],1),s._v("将其引入了 ECMAScript。\n"),s._v("\n装饰器是一种函数，写成"),t("code",[s._v("@ + 函数名")]),s._v("。它可以放在类和类方法的定义前面。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language-javascript line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-javascript"}},[t("code",[s._v("@frozen "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token 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"),t("p",[s._v("除了注释，装饰器还能用来类型检查。所以，对于类来说，这项功能相当有用。从长期来看，它将是 JavaScript 代码静态分析的重要工具。")]),s._v(" "),t("h2",{attrs:{id:"为什么装饰器不能用于函数"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#为什么装饰器不能用于函数"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 为什么装饰器不能用于函数？")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("装饰器只能用于类和类的方法，不能用于函数，因为存在函数提升。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language-javascript line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-javascript"}},[t("code",[t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[s._v("var")]),s._v(" counter "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token operator"}},[s._v("=")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token number"}},[s._v("0")]),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v(";")]),s._v("\n\n"),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[s._v("var")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function-variable function"}},[s._v("add")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token operator"}},[s._v("=")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token 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"),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("2")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("3")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("4")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("5")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("6")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("7")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("8")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("9")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("10")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("11")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("12")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("下面是另一个例子。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language-javascript line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-javascript"}},[t("code",[t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[s._v("var")]),s._v(" readOnly 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"),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("2")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("3")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("4")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("5")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("上面代码也有问题，因为实际执行是下面这样。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language-javascript line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-javascript"}},[t("code",[t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[s._v("var")]),s._v(" readOnly"),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v(";")]),s._v("\n\n@readOnly\n"),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[s._v("function")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token function"}},[s._v("foo")]),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v("(")]),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v(")")]),s._v(" 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