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  19.   <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="前端" class="dropdown-title"><a href="/blog/web/" class="link-title">前端</a> <span class="title" style="display:none;">前端</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><h4>前端文章</h4> <ul class="dropdown-subitem-wrapper"><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/pages/8143cc480faf9a11/" class="nav-link">JavaScript</a></li></ul></li><li class="dropdown-item"><h4>学习笔记</h4> <ul class="dropdown-subitem-wrapper"><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/note/javascript/" class="nav-link">《JavaScript教程》</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/note/js/" class="nav-link">《JavaScript高级程序设计》</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/note/es6/" class="nav-link">《ES6 教程》</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/note/vue/" class="nav-link">《Vue》</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/note/react/" class="nav-link">《React》</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/note/typescript-axios/" class="nav-link">《TypeScript 从零实现 axios》</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/note/git/" class="nav-link">《Git》</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/pages/51afd6/" class="nav-link">TypeScript</a></li><li class="dropdown-subitem"><a href="/blog/pages/4643cd/" class="nav-link">JS设计模式总结</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="页面" class="dropdown-title"><a href="/blog/ui/" class="link-title">页面</a> <span class="title" style="display:none;">页面</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/8309a5b876fc95e3/" class="nav-link">HTML</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/0a83b083bdf257cb/" class="nav-link">CSS</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="技术" class="dropdown-title"><a href="/blog/technology/" class="link-title">技术</a> <span class="title" style="display:none;">技术</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/9a7ee40fc232253e/" class="nav-link">技术文档</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/4c778760be26d8b3/" class="nav-link">GitHub技巧</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/117708e0af7f0bd9/" class="nav-link">Nodejs</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/41f87d890d0a02af/" class="nav-link">博客搭建</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="更多" class="dropdown-title"><a href="/blog/more/" class="link-title">更多</a> <span class="title" style="display:none;">更多</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/f2a556/" class="nav-link">学习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/aea6571b7a8bae86/" class="nav-link">面试</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/2d615df9a36a98ed/" class="nav-link">心情杂货</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/pages/baaa02/" class="nav-link">实用技巧</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/friends/" class="nav-link">友情链接</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/blog/about/" class="nav-link">关于</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/blog/pages/beb6c0bd8a66cea6/" class="nav-link">收藏</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="索引" class="dropdown-title"><a href="/blog/archives/" class="link-title">索引</a> <span class="title" style="display:none;">索引</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/categories/" class="nav-link">分类</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/tags/" class="nav-link">标签</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/blog/archives/" class="nav-link">归档</a></li></ul></div></div> <a href="https://github.com/heBody/blog" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link">
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  25.     <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><a href="/blog/pages/f344d070a1031ef7/" class="sidebar-link">ECMAScript 6 简介</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/c1edd70a6b7c7872/" class="sidebar-link">let 和 const 命令</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/b1ab10a62f7564da/" class="sidebar-link">变量的解构赋值</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/ca89eca8adeba5f4/" class="sidebar-link">字符串的扩展</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/a650b4a0ebfc9350/" class="sidebar-link">字符串的新增方法</a></li><li><a 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level2"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#静态方法" class="sidebar-link">静态方法</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-get-target-name-receiver" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.get(target, name, receiver)</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-set-target-name-value-receiver" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.set(target, name, value, receiver)</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-has-obj-name" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.has(obj, name)</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-deleteproperty-obj-name" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.deleteProperty(obj, name)</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-construct-target-args" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.construct(target, args)</a></li><li 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href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-isextensible-target" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.isExtensible (target)</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-preventextensions-target" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.preventExtensions(target)</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#reflect-ownkeys-target" class="sidebar-link">Reflect.ownKeys (target)</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/blog/pages/74de3e45e4491e95/#实例-使用-proxy-实现观察者模式" class="sidebar-link">实例：使用 Proxy 实现观察者模式</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/2810ae8985e9bd52/" class="sidebar-link">Promise 对象</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/48df907ad3570f3d/" class="sidebar-link">Iterator 和 for-of 循环</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/718b48ed9ce0adce/" class="sidebar-link">Generator 函数的语法</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/75af7031eb66847b/" class="sidebar-link">Generator 函数的异步应用</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/3777253e65bac487/" class="sidebar-link">async 函数</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/e831e1593c82bbe0/" class="sidebar-link">Class 的基本语法</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/83f8c3a0cd87dd83/" class="sidebar-link">Class 的继承</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/efe2fb04eb8ac5fb/" class="sidebar-link">Module 的语法</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/a79ca2e64ceae213/" class="sidebar-link">Module 的加载实现</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/984bf549204bb266/" class="sidebar-link">编程风格</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/32c35f7651d6e58e/" class="sidebar-link">读懂 ECMAScript 规格</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/16121351be68691b/" class="sidebar-link">异步遍历器</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/a2ba314746bfdbdd/" class="sidebar-link">ArrayBuffer</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/7188882b8d65af1b/" class="sidebar-link">最新提案</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/e97bc1e5626b082c/" class="sidebar-link">装饰器</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/1cf50330655efc69/" class="sidebar-link">函数式编程</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/6a8e2dc558da1b39/" class="sidebar-link">Mixin</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/8e8f80f69b775a56/" class="sidebar-link">SIMD</a></li><li><a href="/blog/pages/ea6f3b870f6dab69/" class="sidebar-link">参考链接</a></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06970110><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06970110><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06970110><li data-v-06970110><a href="/blog/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06970110></a></li> <li data-v-06970110><a href="/blog/note/es6/#《ES6 教程》笔记" data-v-06970110>《ES6 教程》笔记</a></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06970110><div title="作者" class="author iconfont icon-touxiang" data-v-06970110><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06970110>阮一峰</a></div> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06970110><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06970110>2020-02-09</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAB4AAAAeCAYAAAA7MK6iAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAABGpJREFUSA3tVVtoXFUU3fvOI53UlmCaKIFmwEhsE7QK0ipFEdHEKpXaZGrp15SINsXUWvBDpBgQRKi0+KKoFeJHfZA+ED9KKoIU2gYD9UejTW4rVIzm0VSTziPzuNu1z507dibTTjL4U/DAzLn3nL3X2o91ziX6f9wMFdh6Jvbm9nNSV0msViVO6tN1Rm7NMu2OpeJ9lWBUTDxrJbYTS0hInuwciu9eLHlFxCLCZEk3MegsJmZ5K/JD6t7FkFdEvGUo1g7qJoG3MHImqRIn8/nzY1K9UPKKiJmtnUqHVE3Gbuay6vJE/N2FEmuxFjW2nUuE0yQXRRxLiTUAzs36zhZvOXJPdX850EVnnLZkB8prodQoM5JGj7Xk2mvC7JB8tG04Ef5PiXtG0UtxupRQSfTnBoCy554x18yJHI6I+G5Eru4LHmPJZEQsrvPUbMiA8G/WgMK7w7I+ez7++o2ANfbrjvaOl1tFMs+htG3IrZH9/hDX1Pr8Tc0UvH8tcX29KzAgIGcEkINyW5BF9x891hw6VYqgJHEk0huccS7vh3C6gTiODL+26huuBtbct8eZnqLML8PkxGYpuPZBqtqwkSjgc4mB5gbgig5i+y0UDK35LMxXisn9xQtK+nd26gTIHsHe/oblK/b29fUmN/8Y+9jAQrnBp56m1LcDlDp9irKTExSKduXJVWSqdBMA08pEJnEIOB3FPPMybu/oeV8zFeYN3xx576Q6RH+VmplE4ncQV5v+5rzSoyOU7PuEAg8g803PwBJ0CExno/jcMbN8tONYeOmHiuUNryvm3fRUy4tMPVLdAGkUhNWuggGrJcXPv+ouCjz0MKUHz1J2/E8IC9nqTabcxgaBYM0hPhD5Y65FsbxRQKxCQrDjDctW7PUM3HuZunFyifSAqEfuzCp48Il24luWUWZoyJCaPR82jE0+kFA643wRFVni4RYSq3ohJO2pZ7B5dO4xkDWbEpossJPLSrPjYID8rS2UHTlvyNxqIGsg674XJJ7vnh5L7PNwC4hh2sjCI96mzszOTpxLF0T7l88Yz7lAuK6OnL8gXLOnTvpzSb22YG8W7us3jSebFHeeqnXRG1vt+MoUM84LQIBmMsCTAcOauTh0T0l0neQK7m2bLMt2mGxU3HYssS0J2cdv5wljlPsrIuZLAG/2DOZIXgCYT8uMGZN+e2kSirfxZOPCsC0f24nTZzspnVn9VePS1Z5vubmAGGXG8ZFno9Hel0yfA5ZPhF7Dh972BQJ2qCpgH67lmWtBYbvk6sz02wjky2vXyz0XErP/kFB619js1BtwfOV4OPRqOQBjy3Qbk18vigUPPSD5ceHnwck7W9bhAqZdd7SuG7w4/P2F/GaJh8c7e9qgow+Q7cGBo+98WsLkuktFqiZabtXuQTu/Y5ETbR0v7tNSFnvrmu6pjdoan2KjMu8q/Hmj1EfCO2ZGfEIbIXKUlw8qaX9/b2oeSJmFksSeT/Fn0V3nSypChh4Gjh74ybO9aeZ/AN2dwciu2/MhAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC">Reflect<!----></h1>  <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><h1 id="reflect"><a href="#reflect" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect</h1> <h2 id="概述"><a href="#概述" class="header-anchor">#</a> 概述</h2> <p><code>Reflect</code>对象与<code>Proxy</code>对象一样，也是 ES6 为了操作对象而提供的新 API。<code>Reflect</code>对象的设计目的有这样几个。</p> <p>（1） **将<code>Object</code>对象的一些明显属于语言内部的方法（比如<code>Object.defineProperty</code>），放到<code>Reflect</code>对象上。**现阶段，某些方法同时在<code>Object</code>和<code>Reflect</code>对象上部署，未来的新方法将只部署在<code>Reflect</code>对象上。也就是说，从<code>Reflect</code>对象上可以拿到语言内部的方法。
    26. 

  26. 

  27. （2） <strong>修改某些<code>Object</code>方法的返回结果，让其变得更合理</strong>。比如，<code>Object.defineProperty(obj, name, desc)</code>在无法定义属性时，会抛出一个错误，而<code>Reflect.defineProperty(obj, name, desc)</code>则会返回<code>false</code>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// 老写法</span>
    28. 

  28. <span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    29. 

  29.   Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> property<span class="token punctuation">,</span> attributes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    30. 

  30.   <span class="token comment">// success</span>
    31. 

  31. <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    32. 

  32.   <span class="token comment">// failure</span>
    33. 

  33. <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    34. 

  34. 

  35. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    36. 

  36. <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> property<span class="token punctuation">,</span> attributes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    37. 

  37.   <span class="token comment">// success</span>
    38. 

  38. <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    39. 

  39.   <span class="token comment">// failure</span>
    40. 

  40. <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    41. 

  41. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><p>（3） <strong>让<code>Object</code>操作都变成函数行为</strong>。某些<code>Object</code>操作是命令式，比如<code>name in obj</code>和<code>delete obj[name]</code>，而<code>Reflect.has(obj, name)</code>和<code>Reflect.deleteProperty(obj, name)</code>让它们变成了函数行为。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// 老写法</span>
    42. 

  42. <span class="token string">'assign'</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> Object <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    43. 

  43. 

  44. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    45. 

  45. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">has</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'assign'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    46. 

  46. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>（4）<code>Reflect</code>对象的方法与<code>Proxy</code>对象的方法一一对应，只要是<code>Proxy</code>对象的方法，就能在<code>Reflect</code>对象上找到对应的方法。这就让<code>Proxy</code>对象可以方便地调用对应的<code>Reflect</code>方法，完成默认行为，作为修改行为的基础。也就是说，<strong>不管<code>Proxy</code>怎么修改默认行为，你总可以在<code>Reflect</code>上获取默认行为</strong>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token function">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    47. 

  47.   <span class="token function-variable function">set</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    48. 

  48.     <span class="token keyword">var</span> success <span class="token operator">=</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    49. 

  49.     <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>success<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    50. 

  50.       console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'property '</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> name <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">' on '</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> target <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">' set to '</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    51. 

  51.     <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    52. 

  52.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> success<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    53. 

  53.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    54. 

  54. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    55. 

  55. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>上面代码中，<code>Proxy</code>方法拦截<code>target</code>对象的属性赋值行为。它采用<code>Reflect.set</code>方法将值赋值给对象的属性，确保完成原有的行为，然后再部署额外的功能。</p> <p>下面是另一个例子。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> loggedObj <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    56. 

  56.   <span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    57. 

  57.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'get'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    58. 

  58.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    59. 

  59.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    60. 

  60.   <span class="token function">deleteProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    61. 

  61.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'delete'</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    62. 

  62.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deleteProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    63. 

  63.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    64. 

  64.   <span class="token function">has</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    65. 

  65.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'has'</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    66. 

  66.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">has</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> name<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    67. 

  67.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    68. 

  68. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    69. 

  69. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><p>上面代码中，每一个<code>Proxy</code>对象的拦截操作（<code>get</code>、<code>delete</code>、<code>has</code>），内部都调用对应的<code>Reflect</code>方法，保证原生行为能够正常执行。添加的工作，就是将每一个操作输出一行日志。</p> <p>有了<code>Reflect</code>对象以后，很多操作会更易读。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// 老写法</span>
    70. 

  70. <span class="token class-name">Function</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">apply</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">call</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span>floor<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1.75</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 1</span>
    71. 

  71. 

  72. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    73. 

  73. <span class="token function">Reflect</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">apply</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span>floor<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1.75</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 1</span>
    74. 

  74. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><h2 id="静态方法"><a href="#静态方法" class="header-anchor">#</a> 静态方法</h2> <p><code>Reflect</code>对象一共有 13 个静态方法。</p> <ul><li>Reflect.apply(target, thisArg, args)</li> <li>Reflect.construct(target, args)</li> <li>Reflect.get(target, name, receiver)</li> <li>Reflect.set(target, name, value, receiver)</li> <li>Reflect.defineProperty(target, name, desc)</li> <li>Reflect.deleteProperty(target, name)</li> <li>Reflect.has(target, name)</li> <li>Reflect.ownKeys(target)</li> <li>Reflect.isExtensible(target)</li> <li>Reflect.preventExtensions(target)</li> <li>Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, name)</li> <li>Reflect.getPrototypeOf(target)</li> <li>Reflect.setPrototypeOf(target, prototype)</li></ul> <p>上面这些方法的作用，大部分与<code>Object</code>对象的同名方法的作用都是相同的，而且它与<code>Proxy</code>对象的方法是一一对应的。下面是对它们的解释。</p> <h3 id="reflect-get-target-name-receiver"><a href="#reflect-get-target-name-receiver" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.get(target, name, receiver)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.get</code>方法查找并返回<code>target</code>对象的<code>name</code>属性，如果没有该属性，则返回<code>undefined</code>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    75. 

  75.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    76. 

  76.   <span class="token literal-property property">bar</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    77. 

  77.   <span class="token keyword">get</span> <span class="token function">baz</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    78. 

  78.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>bar<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    79. 

  79.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    80. 

  80. <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    81. 

  81. 

  82. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 1</span>
    83. 

  83. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'bar'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 2</span>
    84. 

  84. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'baz'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 3</span>
    85. 

  85. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><p>如果<code>name</code>属性部署了读取函数（getter），则读取函数的<code>this</code>绑定<code>receiver</code>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    86. 

  86.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    87. 

  87.   <span class="token literal-property property">bar</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    88. 

  88.   <span class="token keyword">get</span> <span class="token function">baz</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    89. 

  89.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>bar<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    90. 

  90.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    91. 

  91. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    92. 

  92. 

  93. <span class="token keyword">var</span> myReceiverObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    94. 

  94.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    95. 

  95.   <span class="token literal-property property">bar</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    96. 

  96. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    97. 

  97. 

  98. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'baz'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> myReceiverObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 8</span>
    99. 

  99. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><p>如果第一个参数不是对象，<code>Reflect.get</code>方法会报错。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    100. 

  100. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    101. 

  101. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="reflect-set-target-name-value-receiver"><a href="#reflect-set-target-name-value-receiver" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.set(target, name, value, receiver)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.set</code>方法设置<code>target</code>对象的<code>name</code>属性等于<code>value</code>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    102. 

  102.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    103. 

  103.   <span class="token keyword">set</span> <span class="token function">bar</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">value</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    104. 

  104.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    105. 

  105.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    106. 

  106. <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    107. 

  107. 

  108. myObject<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token comment">// 1</span>
    109. 

  109. 

  110. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    111. 

  111. myObject<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token comment">// 2</span>
    112. 

  112. 

  113. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'bar'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    114. 

  114. myObject<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token comment">// 3</span>
    115. 

  115. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><p>如果<code>name</code>属性设置了赋值函数，则赋值函数的<code>this</code>绑定<code>receiver</code>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    116. 

  116.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    117. 

  117.   <span class="token keyword">set</span> <span class="token function">bar</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">value</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    118. 

  118.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    119. 

  119.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    120. 

  120. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    121. 

  121. 

  122. <span class="token keyword">var</span> myReceiverObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    123. 

  123.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    124. 

  124. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    125. 

  125. 

  126. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'bar'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> myReceiverObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    127. 

  127. myObject<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token comment">// 4</span>
    128. 

  128. myReceiverObject<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token comment">// 1</span>
    129. 

  129. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><p>注意，如果 <code>Proxy</code>对象和 <code>Reflect</code>对象联合使用，前者拦截赋值操作，后者完成赋值的默认行为，而且传入了<code>receiver</code>，那么<code>Reflect.set</code>会触发<code>Proxy.defineProperty</code>拦截。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> p <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    130. 

  130.   <span class="token literal-property property">a</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'a'</span>
    131. 

  131. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    132. 

  132. 

  133. <span class="token keyword">let</span> handler <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    134. 

  134.   <span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    135. 

  135.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'set'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    136. 

  136.     Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    137. 

  137.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    138. 

  138.   <span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> attribute</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    139. 

  139.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'defineProperty'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    140. 

  140.     Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> attribute<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    141. 

  141.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    142. 

  142. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    143. 

  143. 

  144. <span class="token keyword">let</span> obj <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>p<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handler<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    145. 

  145. obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'A'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    146. 

  146. <span class="token comment">// set</span>
    147. 

  147. <span class="token comment">// defineProperty</span>
    148. 

  148. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><p>上面代码中，<code>Proxy.set</code>拦截里面使用了<code>Reflect.set</code>，而且传入了<code>receiver</code>，导致触发<code>Proxy.defineProperty</code>拦截。这是因为<code>Proxy.set</code>的<code>receiver</code>参数总是指向当前的 <code>Proxy</code>实例（即上例的<code>obj</code>），而<code>Reflect.set</code>一旦传入<code>receiver</code>，就会将属性赋值到<code>receiver</code>上面（即<code>obj</code>），导致触发<code>defineProperty</code>拦截。如果<code>Reflect.set</code>没有传入<code>receiver</code>，那么就不会触发<code>defineProperty</code>拦截。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> p <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    149. 

  149.   <span class="token literal-property property">a</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'a'</span>
    150. 

  150. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    151. 

  151. 

  152. <span class="token keyword">let</span> handler <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    153. 

  153.   <span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    154. 

  154.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'set'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    155. 

  155.     Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    156. 

  156.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    157. 

  157.   <span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> attribute</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    158. 

  158.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'defineProperty'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    159. 

  159.     Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> attribute<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    160. 

  160.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    161. 

  161. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    162. 

  162. 

  163. <span class="token keyword">let</span> obj <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>p<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handler<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    164. 

  164. obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'A'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    165. 

  165. <span class="token comment">// set</span>
    166. 

  166. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><p>如果第一个参数不是对象，<code>Reflect.set</code>会报错。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    167. 

  167. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    168. 

  168. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="reflect-has-obj-name"><a href="#reflect-has-obj-name" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.has(obj, name)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.has</code>方法对应<code>name in obj</code>里面的<code>in</code>运算符。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    169. 

  169.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    170. 

  170. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    171. 

  171. 

  172. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    173. 

  173. <span class="token string">'foo'</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> myObject <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    174. 

  174. 

  175. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    176. 

  176. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">has</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    177. 

  177. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>如果<code>Reflect.has()</code>方法的第一个参数不是对象，会报错。</p> <h3 id="reflect-deleteproperty-obj-name"><a href="#reflect-deleteproperty-obj-name" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.deleteProperty(obj, name)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.deleteProperty</code>方法等同于<code>delete obj[name]</code>，用于删除对象的属性。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> myObj <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'bar'</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    178. 

  178. 

  179. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    180. 

  180. <span class="token keyword">delete</span> myObj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    181. 

  181. 

  182. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    183. 

  183. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deleteProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'foo'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    184. 

  184. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>该方法返回一个布尔值。如果删除成功，或者被删除的属性不存在，返回<code>true</code>；删除失败，被删除的属性依然存在，返回<code>false</code>。</p> <p>如果<code>Reflect.deleteProperty()</code>方法的第一个参数不是对象，会报错。</p> <h3 id="reflect-construct-target-args"><a href="#reflect-construct-target-args" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.construct(target, args)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.construct</code>方法等同于<code>new target(...args)</code>，这提供了一种不使用<code>new</code>，来调用构造函数的方法。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">Greeting</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">name</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    185. 

  185.   <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>name <span class="token operator">=</span> name<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    186. 

  186. <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    187. 

  187. 

  188. <span class="token comment">// new 的写法</span>
    189. 

  189. <span class="token keyword">const</span> instance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Greeting</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'张三'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    190. 

  190. 

  191. <span class="token comment">// Reflect.construct 的写法</span>
    192. 

  192. <span class="token keyword">const</span> instance <span class="token operator">=</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">construct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Greeting<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'张三'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    193. 

  193. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>如果<code>Reflect.construct()</code>方法的第一个参数不是函数，会报错。</p> <h3 id="reflect-getprototypeof-obj"><a href="#reflect-getprototypeof-obj" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.getPrototypeOf(obj)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.getPrototypeOf</code>方法用于读取对象的<code>__proto__</code>属性，对应<code>Object.getPrototypeOf(obj)</code>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> myObj <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">FancyThing</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    194. 

  194. 

  195. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    196. 

  196. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObj<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token class-name">FancyThing</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    197. 

  197. 

  198. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    199. 

  199. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObj<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token class-name">FancyThing</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    200. 

  200. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p><code>Reflect.getPrototypeOf</code>和<code>Object.getPrototypeOf</code>的一个区别是，如果参数不是对象，<code>Object.getPrototypeOf</code>会将这个参数转为对象，然后再运行，而<code>Reflect.getPrototypeOf</code>会报错。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// Number {[[PrimitiveValue]]: 0}</span>
    201. 

  201. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    202. 

  202. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="reflect-setprototypeof-obj-newproto"><a href="#reflect-setprototypeof-obj-newproto" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.setPrototypeOf(obj, newProto)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.setPrototypeOf</code>方法用于设置目标对象的原型（prototype），对应<code>Object.setPrototypeOf(obj, newProto)</code>方法。它返回一个布尔值，表示是否设置成功。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> myObj <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    203. 

  203. 

  204. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    205. 

  205. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    206. 

  206. 

  207. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    208. 

  208. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    209. 

  209. 

  210. myObj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token comment">// 0</span>
    211. 

  211. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>如果无法设置目标对象的原型（比如，目标对象禁止扩展），<code>Reflect.setPrototypeOf</code>方法返回<code>false</code>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    212. 

  212. <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    213. 

  213. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">freeze</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    214. 

  214. <span class="token comment">// false</span>
    215. 

  215. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>如果第一个参数不是对象，<code>Object.setPrototypeOf</code>会返回第一个参数本身，而<code>Reflect.setPrototypeOf</code>会报错。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    216. 

  216. <span class="token comment">// 1</span>
    217. 

  217. 

  218. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    219. 

  219. <span class="token comment">// TypeError: Reflect.setPrototypeOf called on non-object</span>
    220. 

  220. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>如果第一个参数是<code>undefined</code>或<code>null</code>，<code>Object.setPrototypeOf</code>和<code>Reflect.setPrototypeOf</code>都会报错。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    221. 

  221. <span class="token comment">// TypeError: Object.setPrototypeOf called on null or undefined</span>
    222. 

  222. 

  223. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setPrototypeOf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    224. 

  224. <span class="token comment">// TypeError: Reflect.setPrototypeOf called on non-object</span>
    225. 

  225. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><h3 id="reflect-apply-func-thisarg-args"><a href="#reflect-apply-func-thisarg-args" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.apply(func, thisArg, args)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.apply</code>方法等同于<code>Function.prototype.apply.call(func, thisArg, args)</code>，用于绑定<code>this</code>对象后执行给定函数。</p> <p>一般来说，如果要绑定一个函数的<code>this</code>对象，可以这样写<code>fn.apply(obj, args)</code>，但是如果函数定义了自己的<code>apply</code>方法，就只能写成<code>Function.prototype.apply.call(fn, obj, args)</code>，采用<code>Reflect</code>对象可以简化这种操作。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> ages <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">12</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">54</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">18</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    226. 

  226. 

  227. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    228. 

  228. <span class="token keyword">const</span> youngest <span class="token operator">=</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">min</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">apply</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Math<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ages<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    229. 

  229. <span class="token keyword">const</span> oldest <span class="token operator">=</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">max</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">apply</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Math<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ages<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    230. 

  230. <span class="token keyword">const</span> type <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">call</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>youngest<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    231. 

  231. 

  232. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    233. 

  233. <span class="token keyword">const</span> youngest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">Reflect</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">apply</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span>min<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ages<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    234. 

  234. <span class="token keyword">const</span> oldest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">Reflect</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">apply</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span>max<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ages<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    235. 

  235. <span class="token keyword">const</span> type <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">Reflect</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">apply</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span>toString<span class="token punctuation">,</span> youngest<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    236. 

  236. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><h3 id="reflect-defineproperty-target-propertykey-attributes"><a href="#reflect-defineproperty-target-propertykey-attributes" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, attributes)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.defineProperty</code>方法基本等同于<code>Object.defineProperty</code>，用来为对象定义属性。未来，后者会被逐渐废除，请从现在开始就使用<code>Reflect.defineProperty</code>代替它。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">MyDate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    237. 

  237.   <span class="token comment">/*…*/</span>
    238. 

  238. <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    239. 

  239. 

  240. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    241. 

  241. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>MyDate<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'now'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    242. 

  242.   <span class="token function-variable function">value</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> Date<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">now</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    243. 

  243. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    244. 

  244. 

  245. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    246. 

  246. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>MyDate<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'now'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    247. 

  247.   <span class="token function-variable function">value</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> Date<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">now</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    248. 

  248. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    249. 

  249. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><p>如果<code>Reflect.defineProperty</code>的第一个参数不是对象，就会抛出错误，比如<code>Reflect.defineProperty(1, 'foo')</code>。</p> <p>这个方法可以与<code>Proxy.defineProperty</code>配合使用。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> p <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    250. 

  250.   <span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> prop<span class="token punctuation">,</span> descriptor</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    251. 

  251.     console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>descriptor<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    252. 

  252.     <span class="token keyword">return</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> prop<span class="token punctuation">,</span> descriptor<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    253. 

  253.   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    254. 

  254. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    255. 

  255. 

  256. p<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'bar'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    257. 

  257. <span class="token comment">// {value: &quot;bar&quot;, writable: true, enumerable: true, configurable: true}</span>
    258. 

  258. 

  259. p<span class="token punctuation">.</span>foo <span class="token comment">// &quot;bar&quot;</span>
    260. 

  260. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><p>上面代码中，<code>Proxy.defineProperty</code>对属性赋值设置了拦截，然后使用<code>Reflect.defineProperty</code>完成了赋值。</p> <h3 id="reflect-getownpropertydescriptor-target-propertykey"><a href="#reflect-getownpropertydescriptor-target-propertykey" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(target, propertyKey)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor</code>基本等同于<code>Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor</code>，用于得到指定属性的描述对象，将来会替代掉后者。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    261. 

  261. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">defineProperty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'hidden'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    262. 

  262.   <span class="token literal-property property">value</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    263. 

  263.   <span class="token literal-property property">enumerable</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    264. 

  264. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    265. 

  265. 

  266. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    267. 

  267. <span class="token keyword">var</span> theDescriptor <span class="token operator">=</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getOwnPropertyDescriptor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'hidden'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    268. 

  268. 

  269. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    270. 

  270. <span class="token keyword">var</span> theDescriptor <span class="token operator">=</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getOwnPropertyDescriptor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'hidden'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    271. 

  271. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><p><code>Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor</code>和<code>Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor</code>的一个区别是，如果第一个参数不是对象，<code>Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(1, 'foo')</code>不报错，返回<code>undefined</code>，而<code>Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(1, 'foo')</code>会抛出错误，表示参数非法。</p> <h3 id="reflect-isextensible-target"><a href="#reflect-isextensible-target" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.isExtensible (target)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.isExtensible</code>方法对应<code>Object.isExtensible</code>，返回一个布尔值，表示当前对象是否可扩展。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    272. 

  272. 

  273. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    274. 

  274. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isExtensible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    275. 

  275. 

  276. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    277. 

  277. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isExtensible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    278. 

  278. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>如果参数不是对象，<code>Object.isExtensible</code>会返回<code>false</code>，因为非对象本来就是不可扩展的，而<code>Reflect.isExtensible</code>会报错。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isExtensible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// false</span>
    279. 

  279. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isExtensible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    280. 

  280. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="reflect-preventextensions-target"><a href="#reflect-preventextensions-target" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.preventExtensions(target)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.preventExtensions</code>对应<code>Object.preventExtensions</code>方法，用于让一个对象变为不可扩展。它返回一个布尔值，表示是否操作成功。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    281. 

  281. 

  282. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    283. 

  283. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">preventExtensions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// Object {}</span>
    284. 

  284. 

  285. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    286. 

  286. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">preventExtensions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// true</span>
    287. 

  287. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>如果参数不是对象，<code>Object.preventExtensions</code>在 ES5 环境报错，在 ES6 环境返回传入的参数，而<code>Reflect.preventExtensions</code>会报错。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// ES5 环境</span>
    288. 

  288. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">preventExtensions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    289. 

  289. 

  290. <span class="token comment">// ES6 环境</span>
    291. 

  291. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">preventExtensions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 1</span>
    292. 

  292. 

  293. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    294. 

  294. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">preventExtensions</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// 报错</span>
    295. 

  295. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h3 id="reflect-ownkeys-target"><a href="#reflect-ownkeys-target" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reflect.ownKeys (target)</h3> <p><code>Reflect.ownKeys</code>方法用于返回对象的所有属性，基本等同于<code>Object.getOwnPropertyNames</code>与<code>Object.getOwnPropertySymbols</code>之和。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">var</span> myObject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    296. 

  296.   <span class="token literal-property property">foo</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    297. 

  297.   <span class="token literal-property property">bar</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    298. 

  298.   <span class="token punctuation">[</span>Symbol<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'baz'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    299. 

  299.   <span class="token punctuation">[</span>Symbol<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'bing'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    300. 

  300. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    301. 

  301. 

  302. <span class="token comment">// 旧写法</span>
    303. 

  303. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getOwnPropertyNames</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    304. 

  304. <span class="token comment">// ['foo', 'bar']</span>
    305. 

  305. 

  306. Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getOwnPropertySymbols</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    307. 

  307. <span class="token comment">//[Symbol(baz), Symbol(bing)]</span>
    308. 

  308. 

  309. <span class="token comment">// 新写法</span>
    310. 

  310. Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ownKeys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myObject<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    311. 

  311. <span class="token comment">// ['foo', 'bar', Symbol(baz), Symbol(bing)]</span>
    312. 

  312. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><p>如果<code>Reflect.ownKeys()</code>方法的第一个参数不是对象，会报错。</p> <h2 id="实例-使用-proxy-实现观察者模式"><a href="#实例-使用-proxy-实现观察者模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 实例：使用 Proxy 实现观察者模式</h2> <p><strong>观察者模式（Observer mode）指的是函数自动观察数据对象，一旦对象有变化，函数就会自动执行</strong>。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> person <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">observable</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    313. 

  313.   <span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">'张三'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    314. 

  314.   <span class="token literal-property property">age</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">20</span>
    315. 

  315. <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 观察目标</span>
    316. 

  316. 

  317. <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    318. 

  318.   console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>person<span class="token punctuation">.</span>name<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>person<span class="token punctuation">.</span>age<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    319. 

  319. <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment">// 观察者</span>
    320. 

  320. 

  321. <span class="token function">observe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>print<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 启动观察</span>
    322. 

  322. person<span class="token punctuation">.</span>name <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'李四'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    323. 

  323. <span class="token comment">// 输出</span>
    324. 

  324. <span class="token comment">// 李四, 20</span>
    325. 

  325. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><p>上面代码中，数据对象<code>person</code>是观察目标，函数<code>print</code>是观察者。一旦数据对象发生变化，<code>print</code>就会自动执行。</p> <p>下面，使用 Proxy 写一个观察者模式的最简单实现，即实现<code>observable</code>和<code>observe</code>这两个函数。思路是<code>observable</code>函数返回一个原始对象的 Proxy 代理，拦截赋值操作，触发充当观察者的各个函数。</p> <div class="language-javascript line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> queuedObservers <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    326. 

  326. 

  327. <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">observe</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token parameter">fn</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> queuedObservers<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    328. 

  328. <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">observable</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token parameter">obj</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>set<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    329. 

  329. 

  330. <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    331. 

  331.   <span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> Reflect<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>target<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    332. 

  332.   queuedObservers<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">observer</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token function">observer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    333. 

  333.   <span class="token keyword">return</span> result<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    334. 

  334. <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    335. 

  335. </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>上面代码中，先定义了一个<code>Set</code>集合，所有观察者函数都放进这个集合。然后，<code>observable</code>函数返回原始对象的代理，拦截赋值操作。拦截函数<code>set</code>之中，会自动执行所有观察者。</p></div></div>  <div class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/heBody/blog/edit/master/docs/《ES6 教程》笔记/15.Reflect.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">编辑</a> <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></div> <div class="tags"><a href="/blog/tags/?tag=ES6" title="标签">#ES6</a></div> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新:</span> <span class="time">2022/12/14, 19:36:42</span></div></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><div class="page-nav-centre-wrap"><a href="/blog/pages/f56ec2ab97d60483/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-prev"><div class="tooltip">Proxy</div></a> <a href="/blog/pages/2810ae8985e9bd52/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-next"><div class="tooltip">Promise 对象</div></a></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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    337. 

  337.         <a href="/blog/pages/f56ec2ab97d60483/" class="prev">Proxy</a></span> <span class="next"><a href="/blog/pages/2810ae8985e9bd52/">Promise 对象</a>→
    338. 

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    341. 

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